AI-Powered Robot Discovers Shock-Absorbing Designs for Enhanced Performance

Researchers at Boston University’s College of Engineering have embarked on an innovative robotic autonomy project focused on developing shock-absorbing structures. Their objective is for the robot to design objects exhibiting the most efficient shape to absorb shocks, enhancing safety across various applications.

Utilizing advanced 3D printing technology, the robot fabricates small plastic structures while meticulously recording each design's dimensions and geometry. The true test of these objects comes when they are subjected to intense pressure. The robot simulates extreme conditions, applying pressure equivalent to that of an adult Arabian horse standing on a quarter. By examining how these structures deform under pressure and determining the amount of energy they absorb upon impact, researchers can evaluate their effectiveness.

The robotic system, known as "Mechanics of Additively Manufactured Architectures Bayesian Experimental Autonomous Researcher" (MAMA BEAR), was initially conceived in 2018. Since 2021, it has been dedicated to discovering the most shock-absorbent configurations possible. Currently, the robot has been operational for over three years, producing more than 25,000 unique designs. In 2023, MAMA BEAR achieved a remarkable milestone by creating a shape that set a new record for energy absorption efficiency, reaching an impressive 75%, a significant improvement over the previous record of 71%.

"When we started out, we were uncertain whether we would find a record-breaking design," stated Kelsey Snapp, the project lead. "But through continuous refinement and experimentation, we gradually improved our results and eventually surpassed previous limits."

The implications of this research extend far beyond academic curiosity. Engineers can leverage the wealth of data generated by MAMA BEAR to advance the design of essential safety equipment, such as bike helmets, car bumpers, and protective packaging. Notably, the insights gained from this project are already informing a vital real-world application: the development of enhanced padding for U.S. Army helmets.

The research team intends to persist in their exploration with MAMA BEAR, aiming to discover even more efficient designs and underscore the significance of autonomous research methodologies. "We will continue studying this system because mechanical efficiency, like many material properties, can only be accurately determined through experimental validation," explained Keith Brown, the study's leader. "By employing self-driving labs, we can optimize our experimental selection and expedite the research process."

This pioneering work not only pushes the boundaries of material design but also highlights the transformative potential of robotics in engineering research and practical applications, setting the stage for future advancements in impact resistance and safety technology.