Google Quantum AI Chip Surpasses Classical Computers in Performance

A recent study by experts at Google Quantum AI has revealed that current noisy, intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers are capable of completing a benchmark calculation that would take classical computers years to accomplish. The findings, detailed in Nature, showcase the potential of quantum computers to surpass classical systems in specific tasks, even amidst existing levels of noise. This breakthrough paves the way for the development of practical applications for quantum computing.

Utilizing Google's 67-qubit Sycamore quantum chip, the research highlights the discovery of a "stable computationally complex phase" achievable with present quantum processors. This phase enables quantum computers to execute calculations that surpass classical supercomputers, defying background noise interference. The study delves deeper into the capacity of quantum processors to handle complex computations amid environmental noise disturbances.

Sergio Boixo, principal scientist at Google Quantum AI, emphasized the investigation of whether noisy quantum computers can outperform supercomputers fundamentally. The experiments revealed a transition between two phases, where the "low-noise phase" allowed the quantum computer to outperform classical counterparts in the benchmark assessment. Moreover, the study validated the random circuit sampling benchmark's superiority over classical supercomputers.

The research also affirmed the validity of Neven's Law, signaling exponential growth in quantum computing power compared to conventional computing. Although random circuit sampling lacks real-world applications, future endeavors aim to refine the benchmark for practical uses. This significant milestone brings quantum computing closer to realizing its potential in various applications.